Radon is dangerous* because it is a radioactive gas that can cause serious health problems, particularly lung cancer. Here are the main reasons why radon is a public health concern:
1. Radioactivity: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that forms from the decay of uranium found in soil, rock, and water. It is odorless, colorless, and tasteless, making it difficult to detect without specialized equipment.
2. Inhalation Risk: When radon gas is released into the air, it can accumulate in homes and buildings, especially in basements and lower levels. People breathe in radon and its decay products, which can then deposit in the lungs.
3. Health Impact: The radioactive particles from radon decay can damage lung tissue when inhaled. Over time, this damage increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States, after smoking.
4. Prolonged Exposure: The risk of lung cancer increases with prolonged exposure to high levels of radon. Smokers are particularly at risk because the combination of smoking and radon exposure greatly increases the likelihood of developing lung cancer.
5. Widespread Presence: Radon is present in varying levels in almost all parts of the world. Certain geographic areas have higher concentrations due to the type of soil and rock. Homes in these areas may have higher radon levels, making public awareness and testing important.
Because of these factors, we recommend that homes and buildings be tested for radon, especially in areas known to have high levels. If elevated radon levels are found, mitigation measures can be taken to reduce exposure and lower the health risks.
* Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the USA. The risk is even higher for people who smoke. The US Surgeon General recommends that all homes should be tested for radon. While certain factors may raise or lower the risk of high radon levels, radon levels can fluctuate significantly.