What is Tuberculosis?

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What is Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria that spread from person to person through tiny droplets released into the air when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. While TB primarily affects the lungs, it can also target other parts of the body, such as the stomach, lymph glands, bones, and nervous system.

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TB is curable when treated with the appropriate antibiotics. In many cases, the immune system successfully eliminates the bacteria, resulting in no symptoms. However, there are times when the immune system cannot fully eradicate the bacteria but is able to contain it, preventing it from spreading. In this scenario, the bacteria remain inactive in the body, a condition known as latent TB. People with latent TB do not exhibit symptoms and cannot transmit the infection to others.

If the immune system is unable to kill or contain the bacteria, the infection can spread, either within the lungs or to other parts of the body, leading to the development of symptoms within weeks or months. This stage is referred to as active TB.

Learn more about this condition.